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Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as Additive Layer Manufacturing (ALM) is the industrial name for 3D printing technology. This is a computer-controlled manufacturing process, which creates 3D objects by subsequent deposition of layers. AM has developed rapidly over the past decade, but there is a lack of relevant work in the field of electrical power engineering, as much of the published work focuses on mechanical, thermal and chemical properties.

Low-impedance arc faults within insulating fluid-filled power transformers and reactors pose a critical threat, marked by a sudden surge in pressure, to the main tank and associated components like bushings and tap-changers. Such faults can lead to the rupture of these integral elements, resulting in catastrophic outcomes such as fires, oil spills, part ejections, substantial downtime, and potential safety hazards for both utility personnel and the public.